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忍者奔跑术Ninja Running Techniques忍者奔跑术从之前提到的 “Nikuruma Inosuke” 逃亡故事中，可见奔跑对忍者的重要性。“疾足” 或 “速足组” 这类称呼，对忍者而言再贴切不过。 横走り（Yoko - bashiri / 侧跑）侧跑是忍者特有的奔跑技巧：背靠墙壁，持剑面向敌人，横向移动。此方法尤其适合仅容胸部宽度的狭窄空间。双腿如 “之” 字形深交叉，再向左右大幅展开成 “X” 形，通过反复交叉 - 展开实现横向跑动或跳跃。侧跑时，面部避开风阻，口中不易进风，还能边跑边进食、呼喊联络同伴，甚至小解。熟练掌握后，侧跑据说比正常奔跑更便捷。 斜め走り（Naname - bashiri / 斜跑）攀登陡坡时，斜向 “之” 字形跑动比直线向上更高效，既能节省体力，又便于躲避敌方枪炮或箭矢。斜跑时略微压低面部，可减少口鼻处的空气阻力。手臂动作关键：双臂在胸前大幅交叉摆动，带动腿部如跳跃般斜向蹬地，既能提速又能减轻疲劳。 後ろ走り（Ushiro - bashiri / 倒跑）倒走虽可行，但倒跑速度慢且难辨前方地形，看似 “惊悚” 却暗藏玄机。实验表明，昏暗环境中多数人难以识破此计 —— 当忍者被追击时，会转身面向敌人，持剑摆 “眼高构”（剑尖与眼齐）或口吐烟火，同时高速倒跑（见卷首插图）。潜入时，忍者会在怀中暗藏绘有鬼神或天狗的面具（内置烟花）。若被紧追，便点燃面具导火索，将其戴于脑后，反手持剑 “向前跑”。在敌人眼中，忍者仿佛正 “倒着后退”，且始终持剑对峙。需注意：倒跑时需穿带后跟挡片的草鞋，以防打滑。 暗闇を疾走する法（Kurayami o Shissō suru Hō/ 暗夜疾走术）大正时期的恶徒 “说教强盗” 是典型案例：此人深夜潜入民宅，施暴盗窃，直至破晓前趁黑高速逃窜，总能在警方布控前突破封锁。其核心技能正是 “暗夜疾跑”。被捕后，他供述的奔跑方法与忍者技艺如出一辙 —— 手持竹刀或长竹竿水平前伸，压低面部（黑暗中视线受限），遇障碍物时曲臂缓冲，顺势转向继续奔跑，竹竿如同 “感知天线”。 鞘紐七術之一：座さがしの術（Za Sagashi no Jutsu / 探鞘术）忍者在黑暗中使用的 “探鞘术”，原理与上述方法相似，只是将竹竿换为刀鞘：口衔鞘带（sageo），使刀剑水平前伸，压低面部奔跑。鞘尖触碰到障碍物时，会因反震滑向刀刃，借助刀鞘缓冲。忍者刀的铁制鞘尾（kojiri）、加固环（kurigata）和鞘口（koguchi）结构坚固，不易因碰撞受损。 相关书籍信息《忍術の研究》（Ninjutsu no Kenkyū/ 忍术研究）
解析延伸
英文原文： Ninja Running Techniques the importance of running for ninja is evident from the escape story of Nikuruma Inosuke, as mentioned earlier. Terms like “swift-footed” or “fast-footed group” are entirely fitting for ninja. 横走り Yoko-bashiri (Side Running) A distinctive ninja running technique is side running. With their back against a wall, holding a sword facing forward toward an enemy, ninja run sideways. This method is ideal for navigating narrow spaces, such as those only chest-width wide. The legs cross deeply in a zigzag pattern, then spread wide to the right or left in a large X-shape, repeating to move sideways, either running or hopping. In side running, even cutting through the wind, the mouth avoids air resistance, and there’s no worry of dust entering the eyes. One can eat, shout to communicate with allies, or even urinate while running. Once mastered, side running is said to be far more convenient than normal running. 斜め走り Naname-bashiri (Diagonal Running) When ascending steep slopes, running straight up is less efficient than running diagonally. Zigzagging by running diagonally right, then diagonally left, is easier and helps evade enemy gunfire or arrows. Slightly lowering the face during diagonal running reduces air resistance at the mouth. Arm movement is crucial: crossing both arms broadly in front of the chest and swinging them wide imparts momentum, propelling the legs diagonally as if leaping, increasing speed and reducing fatigue. 後ろ走り Ushiro-bashiro (Backward Running) While backward walking is possible, backward running is slow, and the terrain ahead is hard to see, making it frightening and impractical. I believe backward running is a ninja trick. Experiments in dim light show most people fail to notice this ruse, supporting my hypothesis. Backward running is used when pursued and at risk of being cut down from behind. The ninja turns to face the approaching enemy, holding the sword in a seigan (eye-level) stance or spewing fire and smoke from the mouth, then flees backward at high speed while maintaining this posture (see frontispiece illustration). During infiltration, ninja carry a demon or tengu mask preloaded with fireworks in their chest. When pursued closely, they ignite the firework’s fuse, place the mask on the back of their head, and, while holding the sword backward, run forward. To the enemy, it appears the ninja is retreating backward while facing them with a sword. As noted in the attire section, sandals must have heel-stop fittings. 暗闇を疾走する法 Kurayami o Shissō suru Hō (The Method of Running Swiftly Through Darkness) The infamous “Sermon Bandit” from Taisho-era crime history, who broke into homes, assaulted women, stole valuables, and stayed from midnight to dawn, offers a relevant example. He preached to households, advising them to brighten the outside and darken the inside for safety or to keep dogs, biding time until just before the first train, then fleeing at high speed through the dark, breaking through police cordons before they tightened, escaping beyond their reach. His knack for sprinting through darkness kept him elusive. This ninja-like figure, Tsumaki Matsukichi, claimed to be from the mountains. When captured and asked how he ran through darkness, Tsumaki Matsukichi’s response mirrored ninja techniques, prompting me to ponder the connection between mountain life and ninjutsu. He explained: Holding a bamboo sword or long bamboo staff straight ahead horizontally, he lowered his face (since the dark obscured vision) and ran. When hitting a wall or obstacle, he bent his arm to absorb the impact, changed direction, and continued running in the same posture. The bamboo acted as an antenna. One of the Seven Techniques of the Saya Cord 座さがしの術 Za Sagashi no Jutsu Ninja used the same principle to sprint through dark paths, but instead of a bamboo sword or staff, they employed the Zasaguri no Jutsu (probing technique) from the seven sageo arts. Holding the sword and scabbard horizontally forward, with the sageo’s end in their mouth to suspend the sword, they lowered their face and ran. When the scabbard’s tip hit an obstacle, it snapped back onto the blade, cushioning the impact as the scabbard slid. Ninja swords had sturdy iron kojiri (end caps), a reinforcing band, a ring-shaped kurigata (cord loop), and a robust koguchi (scabbard mouth) fitting, making scabbard damage highly unlikely. This above about Ninja Running techniques was just one section translated from Japanese to English from the book… 忍術の研究 Ninjutsu no Kenkyū by 名和弓推 Yumio Nawa First published on November 1, 1972. It contains approximately 85,000 words across 377 pages, including around 50 pages of illustrations and index. The work explores historical ninjutsu, martial strategies, and their relevance to contemporary life. About the Author Yumio Nawa (real name: Sadatoshi Nawa) was born in 1912 (Meiji 45) into a samurai family of the Ogaki-Toda domain. He was the Sōke (headmaster) of Masaki-ryū Manrikigusari-jutsu and Edo Machikata Jitte-jutsu. His other works include A History of Torture and Punishment, Studies of Jitte and Hojō, and Weapons of the Shinobi, among others. He served as an executive director of the Society for the Research and Preservation of Japanese Armor and Arms, and a standing director of the Japan Writers Club. At the time of publication, he resided in Asagaya-Minami, Suginami Ward, Tokyo. 长按下方二维码添加高老师微信 |
